The following examples of bibliographic forms are based on The Chicago Manual of Style, 16th edition. This is a standard citation style that is used by historians.
We keep a copy of this manual in the Teaching and Writing Center and additional copies can be found at the main library, under the call number Z253.U69. The library also subscribes to the online version, which you can access through the InfoHawk catalog. You can consult the manual for further information and for types of bibliographic forms not given here.
Books
Footnote
1 Emery Blackfoot, Chance Encounters (Boston: Serendipity Press, 1987), 19-23.
Bibliography
Blackfoot, Emery. Chance Encounters. Boston: Serendipity Press, 1987.
Footnote
2 Leam P. Unwin and Joseph Galloway, Peace in Ireland (Boston: Stronghope Press, 1990), 243.
Bibliography
Unwin, Leam P. and Joseph Galloway. Peace in Ireland. Boston: Stronghope Press, 1990.
Footnote
3 Charlotte Marcus et al., Investigations into the Phenomenon of Limited-Field Criticism (Boston: Broadview Press, 1990) 123-4.
Bibliography
Marcus, Charlotte, Jerome Waterman, Thomas Gomez, and Elizabeth DeLor. Investigations into
the Phenomenon of Limited-Field Criticism. Boston: Broadview Press, 1990.
Footnote
4 Dictionary of Research Grants (Phoenix, AZ: The Oryx Press, 1996), 126.
Bibliography
Dictionary of Research Grants. Phoenix, AZ: The Oryx, 1996.
Footnote
5 Anthony B. Tortelli, ed., Sociology Approaching the Twenty-first Century (Los Angeles: Peter and Sons, 1992), 13-15.
Bibliography
Tortelli, Anthony B., ed. Sociology Approaching the Twenty-first Century. Los Angeles: Peter and Sons, 1992.
Footnote
6 John Stuart Mill, Autobiography and Literary Essays, ed. John M. Robson and Jack Stillinger (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1980), 15.
Bibliography
Mill, John Stuart. Autobiography and Literary Essays. Edited by John M. Robson and Jack Stillinger. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1980.
Footnote
7 Julio Cortázar, Cronopios and Famas, trans. Paul Blackburn (New York: Random House, Pantheon Books, 1969), 1.
Bibliography
Cortázar, Julio. Cronopios and Famas. Translated by Paul Blackburn. New York: Random House, Pantheon Books, 1969.
Footnote
8 International Monetary Fund, Surveys of African Economies, vol. 7, Algeria, Mali, Morocco, and Tunisia (Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 1977), 133-190.
Bibliography
International Monetary Fund. Surveys of African Economies. Vol. 7, Algeria, Mali, Morocco, and Tunisia. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 1977.
Articles
Footnote
9John J. Benjoseph, "On the Anticipation of New Metaphors," Cuyahoga Review 24, no. 6 (1998): 9.
Bibliography
Benjoseph, John J. "On the Anticipation of New Metaphors." Cuyahoga Review 24, no. 6 (1988):
6-10.
Footnote
10E.W. Caspari and R.E. Marshak, "The Rise and Fall of Lysenko," Science, 16 July 1965, 276.
Bibliography
Caspari, E.W. and R.E. Marshak. "The Rise and Fall of Lysenko." Science, 16 July 1965, 276-277.
Footnote
11"Robert Moses, Master Builder, Is Dead at 92," New York Times, 30 July 1981, Midwest edition, p. 2.
Bibliography
"Robert Moses, Master Builder, Is Dead at 92." New York Times, 30 July 1981. Midwest edition,
p. 2.
Footnote
12Ernest Kaiser, "The Literature of Harlem," in Harlem: A Community in Transition, ed. J.H. Clarke (New York: Citadel Press, 1964), 199-213.
Bibliography
Kaiser, Ernest. "The Literature of Harlem." In Harlem: A Community in Transition, edited by J.H.
Clarke. 199-213. New York: Citadel Press, 1964.
Footnote
13James B. Jacobs, introduction to Drunk Driving: An American Dilemma (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989), 23-27.
Bibliography
Jacobs, James B. Introduction to Drunk Driving: An American Dilemma. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 1989.
Footnote
14Franklin E. Zimring, forward to Drunk Driving: An American Dilemma, by James B. Jacobs (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989) xiv-xv.
Bibliography
Zimring, Franklin E. Forward to Drunk Driving: An American Dilemma, by James B. Jacobs.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989.
For entries from an encyclopedia, dictionary, or other standard reference book, the abbreviation "s.v." (sub verbo) is used to indicate that the entry is listed alphabetically under the indicated work. Well-known reference books are usually not listed in bibliographies.
Footnote
15Webster’s New International Dictionary, 3d ed., s.v. "epistrophe."
Footnote
17Joseph Pellegrino, "Homepage," 12 May 1999, <http://www.english.eku.edu/pellegrino/default.htm>(12 June 1999).
Bibliography
Pellegrina, Joseph. "Homepage." 12 May 1999.
<http://www.english.eku.edu/pellegrino/defaults.htm>(12 June 1999).
Footnote
18Gail Mortimer, The William Faulkner Society Home Page, 16 September 1999, <http://www.utep.edu/mortimer/faulkner/mainfaulkner.htm>(19 November 1997).
Bibliography
Mortimer, Gail. The William Faulkner Society Home Page, 16 September 1999.
<http://www.utep.edu/mortimer/faulkner/mainfaulkner.htm>(19 November 1997).
Footnote
19Peter J. Bryant, "The Age of Mammals," in Biodiversity and Conservation April 1999, <http://darwin.bio.uci.edu/~sustain/bio65/index.html>(11 May 1999).
Bibliography
Bryant, Peter J. "The Age of Mammals." In Biodiversity and Conservation April 1999.
<http://darwin.bio.uci.edu/~sustain/bio65/index.html>(11 May 1999).
Footnote
20Tonya Browning, "Embedded Visuals: Student Design in Web Spaces," Kairos: A Journal for Teachers of Writing in Webbed Environments 3, no. 1 (1997),
<http://english.ttu.edu/kairos/2.1/features/browning/index.html>(21 October 1999).
Bibliography
Browning, Tonya. "Embedded Visuals: Student Design in Web Spaces." Kairos: A Journal for
Teachers of Writing in Webbed Environments 3, no. 1 (1997).
<http://english.ttu.edu/kairos/2.1/features/browning/index.html>(21 October 1999).
When a work has already been cited in complete form, later references to it are made in a shortened form. The abbreviation "ibid." is used to repeat references which follow one another without any intervening reference, even when several pages may separate the references. If the page number on the second citation is different, include that after the ibid. The second reference to a chapter or article includes only a shortened version of the article.
Footnotes
21William Farmwinkle, Humor of the American Midwest, vol. 2 of Survey of American Humor (Boston: Plenum Press, 1983), 223-24.
22Mark Holloway, Utopian Communities in America, 1680-1880 (Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 1966), 53-63.
23Farmwinkle, Humor of the American Midwest, 241.
24Ibid., 35.
25Holloway, Utopian Communities, 75.
26Ernest Kaiser, "The Literature of Harlem," in Harlem: A Community in Transition, ed. J.H. Clarke (New York: Citadel Press, 1964), 218-20.
27Kaiser, "Literature of Harlem," 189.